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Breast cancer and its treatment have become a prominent and challenging problem today. The increasing multidrug resistance to microbial pathogens is the root cause of breast cancer. Women suffering from cancer showed high levels of E. coli and S. aureus. In the last few decades, there has been a considerable need in the medical field for the discovery of new compounds endowed with antimicrobial activity, despite the fact that several antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs are currently accessible. Substantial research was conducted, particularly on transition complexes as metal-based drugs in pharmacological applications to provide therapeutic options. The synthesis, characterization, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxic activity of copper complexes with specific ligands of amino acids such as tyrosine and arginine are discussed in this work.
ABSTRACT
Congenital corneal anesthesia (CCA) is an extremely rare condition where the cornea is affected in isolation or as a part of congenital syndrome, or can be associated with systemic anomalies. This case series of 12 eyes provides an overview of various clinical presentations and their final treatment outcomes. The average age of presentation was 3.2 years with a female preponderance (75%). Fifty percent of the patients had bilateral involvement and 50% had corneal ulcers at presentation. Two eyes required therapeutic keratoplasty for corneal perforation. All patients had isolated CCA except for one who had an associated hereditary and sensory autonomic neuropathy.
ABSTRACT
Background: The link between varicocele and infertility was first reported by cessius in 1st century AD but it was not widely acknowledged until TULLOCH and colleagues reported the improvement of sperm parameters in 26 of 30 patients undergoing varicocelectomy. Varicocele is defined as excessive dilatation of pampiniform venous plexus of spermatic cord. varicocele is an important cause infertility which can be corrected by surgery. Several methods have been used for its treatment including open surgical ligation of spermatic veins as well as laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Open varicocelectomy has more risk of recurrence and complications whereas laparoscopic varicocelectomy is simple, has less risk of recurrence and complication in expert hands. Objectives: To compare Laparoscopic varicocelectomy with open varicocelectomy, in terms of postoperative pain, recurrence rate, hospital stay, cost, cosmetic and complication. To prove hospital stay was more in open group than laparoscopic group and also patient of laparoscopic group return to normal activities earlier than open group. To standardize the laparoscopic varicocelectomy procedure for varicocele. Materials and methods: It was a randomized clinical trial done in Department of General Surgery, Vinayaka Mission Medical College, Karaikal. Study was carried out from 1 st March, 2015 to 1st R. Bharathidasan, Reny Jayaprakash, Subith P. Bhaskar, G. Ambujam. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy now the gold standard procedure for varicocele - A comparative study with open technique based on our experience. IAIM, 2017; 4(7): 218-221. Page 219 March, 2016. A total 70 patients was taken in our study of its 36 patient undergone open varicocelectomy and 34 patient undergone laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Results: Recurrence rate 0% in Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy and 5.6% in open varicocelectomy. Wound complication was 0% in Laparoscopic varicocelectomy and 2.5% in open varicocelectomy. Post-operative pain was more in open group as compared to laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy has less post-operative morbidity and early return to normal activity. Also there was improvement in seminal analysis in both groups. Conclusion: We would like to standardize laparoscopic varicocoelectomy and make it as a gold standard for Varicocele by replacing open technique provided there is good experienced surgical team and good instrumentation. Cost of the procedure is comparatively high.
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Hemorrhoids are a common cause of rectal bleeding with a prevalence of 4 to 40% worldwide, varying in different geographical locations. The current treatment modality for 3rd degree hemorrhoids includes hemorrhoidectomy, but newer methods like rubber band ligation are rapidly gaining popularity. The purpose of our review was to establish if rubber band ligation can replace the traditional hemorrhoidectomy for the treatment of 3rd degree hemorrhoids.All databases were searched for relevant studies. A total of sixteen studies were included in the review. Current national and international literature points out that the results of rubber band ligation are comparable to hemorrhoidectomy and there are lesser complications associated with rubber band ligation.Reviewing the current recommendations, results, evidence and literature, our study recommends rubber band ligation as the treatment of choice for 3rd degree hemorrhoids
ABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed routine operation in modern general surgery. All surgical specimens are routinely sent for histopathology. A wide spectrum of variations is seen under the microscope. Rarely, carcinoma is discovered on histopathological examination. The purpose of the article was to identify and elaborate the major histopathological findings of gallbladder after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary health care hospital in Pakistan
Methods: This was a retrospective study and included histopathological specimens of gall bladder after cholecystectomy from February 2004 to April 2013. Data was analysed using MS Excel and SPSS 19.0
Results: Total number of cases: 8376, Chronic Cholecystitis: 7705, Acute or chronic cholecystitis with empyema, mucocele or gangrene: 554, Adenocarcinoma: 91, Adenomatous polyp: 3, Squamous cell carcinoma: 5, Papillary carcinoma: 3, Clear cell carcinoma: 4, Adenosquamous carcinoma: 2, Xanthogranulomatous changes: 54, Dysplasia: 13 and Cholesterosis: 1050
Conclusion: Considering the evidence from our study and the evidence from the literature reviewed, it can be concluded that prevalence of all kinds of gall bladder disease, benign or malignant including carcinoma is no different from the rest of the world. Routine histopathology of gall bladder can be omitted without compromising patient safety as proven and practiced by many centers across the globe
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Cardiovascular disease is now a major public health problem in India and is emerging as a major killer. The non diabetic obese and non obese subjects with cardio vascular disease” were carried out with the objective of studying or investing the (effect) cause of cardiovascular diseases in obese and Non-obese subjects. The level of lipoprotein a of non obese subject showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase than in the obese subject. The level of lipid ratio (total cholesterol / HDL cholesterol) found to be significantly (P < 0.001) high in obese subjects than in non-obese subjects. The present study has been designed to evaluate or investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease due to obesity in both male and female middle age group.
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Azo dyes, based on aromatic amines, may contain these amines as impurities introduced during the manufacturing process. Aromatic amines may also be present as a result of thermal or photochemical degradation of azo dyes. The more stable derivatives contain two aryl groups. As a consequence of п-delocalization, aryl azo compounds have vivid colors, especially reds, oranges, and yellows. Therefore, they are used as dyes, and are commonly known as azo dyes, an example of which is Disperse Orange. Some azo compounds, eg. methyl orange, are used as acid-base indicators due to the different colors of their acid and salt forms. The development of azo dyes was an important step in the development of the chemi azo colorants range in shade from greenish yellow to orange, red, violet and brown. The colours depend largely on the chemical constitution, whereas different shades rather depend on the physical properties. However, the important disadvantage limiting their commercial application is that most of them are red and none are green. The inoculum was prepared by adding 10ml of saline to the culture tube, which contain the Acremoniumchrysogenum. The present study designed to study the degradation of common laboratory dyes using fungi, acremonium chrysogenum. The dye selected was procion red. The selected dye procion red can be toxic in its secondary reactive form so there is a great need of them to be removed from the environment.